The result should be taken with reserved
This should be included as part of a post-exposure prophylaxis PEP service package according to national or local protocols, and is meant to establish baseline HIV status of the individual who may have been exposed. Based on an indeterminate HIV status Persons with discordant test results may have acute HIV infection, especially in high-incidence settings.
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All HIV testing should be performed in accordance with the HIV test kit package insert and site-developed standard operating procedures to eliminate possible testing errors. Copyright © World Health Organization In this Page. Geneva: World Health Organization; At the time of the initial test encounter, most individuals should not receive a recommendation to verify an HIV-negative result.
Situations and settings where re-testing is warranted in all epidemic types Specific situations. The person should be provided with post-test counselling messages appropriate for HIV-negative persons, as per the site's standard protocol for HIV testing and counselling. Based on population and setting 2.
Are pregnant women in the setting of a generalized epidemic, who have tested HIV negative in the first or second trimester of pregnancy;. Women who test HIV negative in their first or second trimesters of pregnancy should be recommended to return for another HIV test in their third trimester of pregnancy, preferably between the 28th and 36th weeks.
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Finally, persons should be told that if they receive health-related services from other facilities, they may be advised to receive another HIV test and counselling in those settings in the future. Specific situations 4. The site is secure. It may also be necessary to have a more experienced HIV testing and counselling provider at the testing site to perform the repeat testing. For further information on when re-testing should occur in persons receiving PEP, please see Post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection.
Additionally, if persons begin or resume engaging in HIV risk-related behaviours, they should be recommended to re-test at least annually. All rights reserved. In persons who have been exposed to PEP i. Turn recording back on. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.
It is important to re-test after two weeks as persons who have recently acquired HIV are likely to have detectable antibodies to HIV by then. Based on risk 4. HIV-negative persons should be advised that if they have a specific incident of known or suspected HIV exposure in the future then they should return for an HIV test following that exposure.
Received an HIV-negative test result on a baseline HIV test for an incident of possible HIV exposure in the past 72 hours; in this case, and if PEP has not been initiated, re-test at 4 weeks after exposure, and if the results are still negative or discordant, the person should be re-tested again at 12 weeks after exposure.
Show details Geneva: World Health Organization ; Search term. This is done to ensure correct documentation of HIV status.
Help Accessibility Careers. HIV negative persons who have had a specific incident of possible HIV exposure within the past 72 hours : Baseline HIV testing and counselling should always be recommended to persons who have experienced sexual violence or an occupational exposure. NCBI Bookshelf. If the results of the tests remain discordant, the individual should be retested after two weeks using the same testing algorithm.
Pregnant women testing HIV negative in their first or second trimesters of pregnancy in settings with generalized epidemics : In order to prevent mother-to-child transmission MTCT of HIV, pregnant women should be tested as early as possible in each pregnancy.
HIV negative persons with ongoing risk behaviours : persons who inject drugs, MSM, sex workers, persons with a known HIV-positive partner, and persons with a partner of unknown HIV status should be tested for HIV at least annually and provided with their respective population-appropriate risk reduction counselling. If an individual receiving an HIV-negative test result fits into either of the above categories, then that individual should be asked to come back for re-testing.
In the rare event that the results of an HIV test are discordant, the same assays should be repeated immediately to exclude error while the individual is still at the testing site. Pregnant women in a generalized epidemic setting should be recommended to re-test in their third trimester see Specific situations. The same testing algorithm should be used for the immediate repeat testing, and standard operating procedures should again be followed to minimize error.
Refer to the Guidance on global scale-up of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission for additional information on maternal and infant testing. HIV negative persons testing in specific clinical settings i. Situations and settings where re-testing is warranted in all epidemic types If an individual has previous or ongoing risk for HIV infection i.